Synchronized sound and action reproduction



y 1935- E. BREWER 7 2,009,337

SYNCHRONIZED SOUND AND ACTION REPRODUCTION Filed Spt. 28, 1935 '7 Sheets-Sheet July 23, 1935. 4 BREWER 2,009,337

SYNCHRONIZED SOUND AND ACTION REPRODUCTION Filed Sept. 28, 1935 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 I f l 5o 60 24 92 26 24 n s 2 25 I 26 26 5 I III 25 5 e52 2.9 ig; 40 5 6 y 3, 1935. BREWER 2,009,337

SYNCHRONIZED SOUND AND AGTIbN REPRODUCTION Filed Sept. 28, 1935 '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 July 23, 1935. E. BREWER 2,009,337

SYNCHRONIZED SOUND AND ACTION REPRODUCTION Filed Sept. 28, 1.933 7 Sheets-Sheet f1 mmm z ei7for; lliz'gi g en July 23, 1935.

E. BREWER I 2,009,337

SYNCHRONIZED SOUND AND ACTION REPRODUCTION F le e'p 2 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 July 23, 1935. E, BREWER 2,009,337

SYNCHRONIZED SOUND AND ACTION REPRODUCTION Filed Sept. 28, 1953 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 4 .51. Am s0.

j! Z 1' ff BreM/ec a fifa rngy.

Jully 23, 1935. E, BREWER SYNCHRONIZED SOUND AND ACTION REPRODUCTION Filed Sept. 28, 1953 '7 ShetS-She9t 7 Patented July 23, 1935 UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE SYNCHRONIZED SOUND AND ACTION REPRODUCTION The object of the invention is broadly to provide improvements in devices for the reproduction of action, as by automatons, in full synchronism with sound reproduced by radio, by mechanical and electro-mechanical sound-reproducing machines, or otherwise, such automatons or the like and their movements being designed to simulate the appearance and movement of the actors or other characters which they are intended to rep- 0 resent.

While the invention clearly embodies the use of the mechanisms hereinafter described in conjunction with mechanical and electro-mechanical sound reproducing machines, said invention will hereinafter be described as used in conjunction with radio, it being understood that such specific reference is in no way intended to limit the scope of the basic ideas involved.

In the absence of so-called television, or seeing a pictorial representation of the actor, or other source of sound or music, in motion in exact conformity with that of the actual actor or the like, radio reception to-day comprises merely the reproduction of the sound from such actor or other source, and it is becoming widely realized that such sound reproduction must be augmented with as faithful reproduction of the original action as may be possible,-in order to sustain the radios appeal to the public.

Another object therefore is to provide various constructions of automatons, as representative of an infinite number which can be produced, together with means for'actuating the same in as realistic a manner as possible, coupled with electrically actuated means to actuate said first means in accordance with the vibrations reproduced by the usual electro-magnetic reproducer; and also if desired with a suitable setting for such reproduced action, such for instance as a portable stage setting or equivalent atmosphere.

A further object more specifically is to provide.

improvements in electro-magnetic devices, including solenoids, for the actuation of the automatons, together with improved means for electrically connecting the same into the operating circuits of the mechanism as a whole, said connecting means also being adapted to perform the function of a means for shifting the automatons into and outer operative position with respect to a given setting, without the manipulator being seen in the operation.

Still another object is to provide improved electrical circuits for the operation of the invention in the most eflicient and inexpensive manner, and with a minimum degree of lost motion or motions which differ materially from that of the action in the first instance.

With these and still further objects in mind, the invention comprises further details of construction and operation, which are hereinafter fully brought out in the following description, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a stage setting to illustrate one type of setting which may be used;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

;1 Fig. 3 is an elevation of the setting of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of a simple form of F background, representing the equivalent of a theatrical backdrop, which may be used in combination with the setting of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the same;

Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the same;

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of one form of 29 the electric circuit employed to actuate the device, and the microphone of said circuit positioned in operative relation to a so-called loud speaker of an ordinary radio set;

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view of another type of circuit;

Fig. 9 is a similar view of a still further type of circuit;

Fig. 10 is a side elevation of a support for the automatons interchangeably;

Fig. 11 is a central vertical'section of the same in operative relation with one of the combined shifting and electrical contact elements;

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary sectional view of one of said elements per se; 35 Fig. 13 is a side elevation of a modified form of automaton base;

Fig. 14 is a top plan View of the same;

Fig. 15 is a front elevation of the same;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary elevation of a modified 40 form of combined shifting and contact element;

Fig. 1'7 is a vertical sec ion on the line Ii--I I of Fig. 16;

Fig. 18 is an elevational view of an automaton representing an orchestra ensemble;

Fig. 19 is a rear elevation of the same; Fig. 20 is a front elevation of an automaton representing a banjo player;

Fig. 21 is a rear elevation of the same;

Fig. 22 is a front elevation of an automaton representing the concerted team action of a group of chorus girls;

Fig. 23 is a rear elevation of the same; Fig. 24 is a front elevation of an automaton representing a vocal singer;

Fig. 25 is a rear elevation of the same;

Fig. 26 is a front elevation of an automaton representing a male dancer;

Fig. 27 is a rear elevation of the same;

Fig. 28 is a central vertical section of the same;

Fig. 29 is a front elevational view of an automaton representing a so-called hula dancer;

Fig. 30 is a rear elevation of the same;

Fig. 31 is a central vertical section of the same;

Fig. 32 is a front elevational view of a female dancer;

Fig. 33 is a rear elevation of the same;

Fig. 34 is a central vertical section of the same;

Figs. 35, 36 and 37 are diagrammatic views of as many different positions of the legs of said last-named dancer, which are assumed as the result of the construction here presented.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 17 inclusive, a representative form of stage or similar setting is shown as comprising forward and rear elements, characterized by bases l and 2, which elements are in practice designed to be positioned one in front of the other to provide an intervening space, for a purpose hereinafter described. The forward surface of the base I may be shaped in horizontal cross-section, so as to provide a central forwardly extending convex portion 3, representing the corresponding portion of the usual theatrical stage, and in opposite directions merging into recessed portions 4, and thence into diagonally forwardly extending wings 5. Said central and wing portions may be decorated in any desired manner, while above said wings rise the laterally opposite sides of the inverted U-shaped portion 6, which represents the procenium arch which surmounts the usual theatrical stage, and from which apparently hangs the representation I of a draped curtain. The upper surface of the base I is preferably interrupted by a recess 8, spanned by any desired arrangement or combination of clear or colored transparent material 9, thru which shine upwardly and rearwardly the rays from otherwise hidden lamps (not visible) within said recess. Slightly to the rear of each of the wings 5 and extending upwardly from the said base, are fixed and movable standards I and l I, the latter being pivotally mounted upon a vertical axis l2, while they are provided with vertically extending slots l3 and I4, respectively. The draped curtain 1 above referred to is in reality a substantially semicircular decorated member of cardboard or the like, the laterally opposite legs l of which are slidably positioned within the slots l3 of the forward pair of standards l0, while positioned in the slots l4 of the rearward standards H are upright decorated elements I 6 representing lateral settings. and adapted to be oscillated into angularly directed positions, as for instance those represented by the dot-and-dash lines I7. As hereinbefore stated, this construction is intended to represent any given stage structure and appearance, and may be varied in an infinite number of ways as desired.

Normally spaced to the rear of the base I is the base 2, having a recess spanned by any desired arrangement or combination of clear or colored transparent material 2|, within said recess there being any desired number or type of lamp or lamps (not visible) for illuminating the forwardly directed surface of a back drop 22, comprising a cardboard or similar plaque which is vertically slidably within, and is operatively supported by the sides of, slots 23 in the adjacent faces of a pair of upwardly extending posts 24, respectively secured to the laterally opposite rear portions of said base 2. Said posts are also provided with one or more additional slots in which are also slidably positioned the laterally opposite portions 26 of a decorative element, which also.

comprises a central section 2'! connecting said lateral portions. The rays of light from within the recess 20 normally shine upwardly and rearwardly upon said back drop 22 and the said decorative element 262'|. From the forward laterally opposite portions of said base 2, additional posts 28 extend, such posts having slots 29 in which are slidably positioned the laterally outer portions of scenic elements, which if desired may also comprise inwardly extending portions 3|, representing urns or other suitable objects, and overhanging portions 32, representing trees and branches of the same, in position forwardly of the back drop and decorative element 26-21. Said rear base 2 also is provided with an aperture 33 for a purpose hereinafter described, while within said base beneath said aperture is a solenoid similar to that shown in Fig. 11, or an electro-magnet as the case may be, as hereinafter described.

Referring specifically to Figs. 10, 11 and 12, there is here shown an automaton support, comprising a base member from the lateral peripheral sides of which rise walls 36, surrounding a. space within which is positioned a solenoid (or electro-magnet) 31, carried by a standard 38 which is in turn supported by said base member in any suitable manner. Said solenoid may be of any desired construction, but in the present instance is shown as comprising a tubular core 38 which extends upwardly thru an aperture 39 in the top wall 40, which wall connects the upper portions of said side walls and incloses the space containing the solenoid, while said core provides an axial bore 4| within which is adapted to oscillate the armature 42, carried by a rod 43 which directly actuates the automatons, as hereinafter described.

The. side walls 36 and top are preferably formed of insulation material, while against one of said walls is positioned a contact plate 44, secured by a screw or other suitable means 45 to said base 35, and connected by means of a wire 46 to the solenoid 31. The opposite end of the coil of said solenoid is connected by means of a wire 41, and a screw 48, or other suitable attaching means, with a second and preferably resilient contact member 49, said contact members being separated from each other by suitable insulating means 50, and their free end portions being spaced apart, so as to receive terminal contact members 5| and 52, which form angularly downwardly directed terminal portions of an automaton shifting device.

This shifting device preferably comprises a hollow tube 53 of any desired length, thru which extends the duplex conductor cord 54, the two wires 55 and 56 of which are secured at suitable points to the respective contact members 5! and 52, which latter are spaced apart by a suitable insulating'medium 51, and said contact members and intervening insulation as a unit extending into and being fixed with respect to the free end portion of the tube 53. With this construction the terminal portion of said shifting device may be inserted between the contact members 44 and 49 of the automaton support, as shown in Fig. 11, or may be removed therefrom at will. When in operative relation, it is obvious that by means of said shifting device, said support and any automaton carried thereby can be Cal readily shifted laterally into position between the forward and rear bases I and 2 of the stage replica, and also into view thru the arch of Fig. 1 or out of view laterally thereof. At this point it should be mentioned that the aperture 33 in the base 2 is positioned above a solenoid which may be similar to that hereinbefore described, and indicated by the dotted line 34, for actuation of said automaton as that hereinafter described, and as illustrated in Figs, 18 and 19.

Referring to Figs. 13 to -1'7 inclusive, a modified form of automaton base and shifting means is here shown as comprising a partially hollowbase 68, containing a solenoid indicated by the dotted line 6| axially disposed with respect to the aperture 62, which extends thru the upper wall of said base, the terminal wires from said solenoid being connected to the base portions 63 of elec-. tric contact members, which comprise upwardly and thence reversely downwardly converging resilient terminal contact portions 64, which in turn project into the recess 65, extending downwardly into said base from the uppermost surface thereof. Said axial groove '$6, extending longitudinally thru the upper portion of said base, is adapted to rotatably receive a cylindrical tube 61 of a modified form of shifting device. Thru this tube, which may be of any desired length, extends a duplex electric cord 68, the ends of the wires of which (not shown specifically) are normally connected to the radially inner end portions 69 of nails or brads, which extend radially outwardly thru a circular disc head 10, secured to the free end of the tube 61, so that the heads H of said nails or brads may come in contact with the terminal contact portions 64, upon rotating the shifting device in either direction from neutral position shown in Fig. 13, where said nails or brads are free of electrical contact with said contact members. With a device of this character, when an automaton base together with its particular automaton is operatively positioned within the stage setting, said automaton may be set into motion in synchronism with the electric reproduction from the radio loud speaker, as hereinafter described, by merely turning said shifting device as above mentioned, while said automaton and its base may be shifted into such operative position, or laterally away from such position, either while said automaton is in operation or idle, by merely moving said shifting device to and fro while the head 10 thereof is positioned within the recess 55 of said modified form of base. 7

Referring to Fig. 7, there is here shown a diagrammatic system of wiring for energizing the solenoid hereinbefore described, or as many such solenoids as may be desired. This system of wiring presupposes that a radio loud speaker is electrically connected to a radio receiving circuit in accordance with accepted practice, so that the said loud speaker accurately reproduces the sound produced by the broadcaster, wherever he may be. Connected either in parallel with said loud speaker, or thru a suitable switch 16 actuated by non-electric vibratory means and in effectively close proximity to said loud speaker, is a pair of wires I1, which in turn are connected to a battery 18 and a double contact relay 19, a suitable impedance coil 80 being connected across said wires I1.

One of the contacts SI of said relay is connected through the secondary coil 82 of a transformer which has its primary coil 83 connected to a suitable source of alternating current, such for instance as the lighting circuit of the average residence or office, while the opposite side of said secondary coil and the other of the relay contacts 84 are connected to the opposite ends of the solenoid coil 85, either directly, or thru the medium of an intervening shifting device, such as those hereinbefore described. A variable resistance 86, if desired, may also be connected across said relay contacts 8! and 84, in order to absorb any desired operation of the potential produced in said transformer secondary. With this construction and wiring arrangement, the sound vibrations produced by the loud speaker 15, even before reaching the listener positioned before said loud speaker and viewing of the automaton, in association with or separate from said stage sztting, reach and impinge against the said switch 16, thereby sending current from the battery 18 thru the relay coil 19 and intermittently bridging contacts SI and 84, so as to intermittently energize the solenoid coil 85, and operate the automation as hereinafter described.

In practice it has been found that by carefully adjusting the various elements involved, the operation of the automaton will be in minute accord with the sounds emitted by said loud speaker, as the latter reach the operator, the distance between the operator and the loud speaker with consequent lag in sound transmission being suflicient to correspond with the slight lag in time, due to the distance between the loud speaker and the said vibration actuated switch 16, the slight time loss in the operation and the relay, and the even more abbreviated time loss in the automaton itself.

Having thus described the mechanism by which the various types of automatons are operated in synchronism, and indirectly by the audible vibrations emitted by a radio loud speaker, talking machine, or other source of sound, even to the original speaker or singer direct, the ccnstruction of several types of automate-n construction will now be considered.

Referring to Figs. 18 and 19, a plaque 98 is hee shown as being so decorated and shaped as to represent an orchestra of several musicians, including three violinists Bl as representative of all of the musicians which can equally well be animated. Each of these violinists has an arm 92, which is separate from said plaque, but provided with an extension 93, representing a bow in operative relation to a violin 94, said arms being pivotally carried by pins 95, which extend thru said plaque and upon their opposite ends are connected to a common lever 86 of suitable shape, which lever is in turn connected thru a pivot 9! with a reciprocatory member 98, in turn provided with an iron armature 99, adapted to normally enter the aperture 33 and the solenoid 34 therebencath, when-the plaque rests directly upon the rear stage base 2. Thus, as said solenoid ls intermittently energized with varying degrees of current value, in accordance with varying intensities of the sound emitted by said loud speaker, or the like, the bow arms of the said violinis-ts reciprocate to and fro to all intents and purposes in exact synchronism with the said sounds, and therefore in synchronism with the movements of the original actors in the broadcasting orchestra itself. This orchestra plaque it is obvious can be placed upon or removed from association with said solenoid and said stage setting at will, so that it is only present in operative position as long as orchestral music is being received by said loud speaker, or being produced by a talking machine, or the like.

Referring to Figs. 20 and 21, there is here shown an automaton representing a banjo player, and comprising a body portion I00 to which is pivotally secured at IOI a lever, comprising one arm'l02 which upon its forward face is decorated to represent one leg of the actor, the other lever arm I03 being connected by means of a pivot I04 to a reciprocatory member I06, which in turn is attached to the rear surface of said automaton player or actor by means of a strap I06, and carried upon its free end portion an iron solenoid I01, adapted to enter the solenoid 34 or more especially a solenoid mounting of the type shown in Figs. 10 and 11, so that the automaton can be shifted into and out of operative relation with respect to the stage setting by means of either type of shifting devices hereinbefore described. In this case, there is pivotally secured to said body portion I09 a lever comprising an arm IIO, which upon its normally forward surface is decorated to represent the head of the actor, while the other lever arm III is made to represent the upper arm of the actor, there being pivotally secured thereto at the elbow H2 a forearm extension II3, which slidably engages the banjo representation I I3 thru the medium of a pivot II4. The lever arm III is pivotally connected at II5 with a link I I6, which is in turn connected thru a pivot I I1 to the adjacent portion of the reclprocatory member I05. Said last-named pivot also extends slidably thru a slot H8 in said body portion of the automaton, and connects with a hand and forearm unit II9, the opposite end of which unit is connected by means of a pivot I20 with a second upper arm I2I, pivotally supported at the shoulder by means of a pivot I 22. By means of this construction, reciprocation of the member I05 causes no less than four quasi-natural movements of the automaton actor to take place, namely, movement of one leg, the head, one arm with respect to the shaft of the banjo, and the other arm with respect to the body of the. banjo, all in accordance with the natural movements of the original actor when playing a given musical selection.

In the dancing group shown in Figs. 22 and 23, the plaque I 25 is shaped in silhouette to represent the bodies of several girls, with one leg and the head of each integral therewith, the oppositely directed arms I26 of the two end girls each comprising one arm of a lever, which is pivotally connected at I21 with shoulder portions of the said plaque, the other lever arm I28 in each case being connected thru a pivot I29 with a link I30. Each link is pivotally connected at I3I with one of the opposite end portions of a connecting rod I 32, to intermediate portions of said rod there being connected thru pivots'l33 extensions of levers I34 the forward faces of which are decorated' to represent legs, which are pivotally mounted upon said plaque by means of pivots I35. At I36 said rod isconnected also to a reciprocatory member I31, which is slidably secured to the base portion I38 of said plaque by means of a strap I39 or the like, the lower. free endportion of said member being provided as in other cases with a suitably shaped iron armature I40, which is adapted to enter and be operatively associated with the solenoid of such an actuating unit as those hereinbefore described.

The automaton illustrated in Figs. 24 and 25 represents a vocal singer and comprises a body portion I 42', adapted as in previous cases to rest upon asupporting unit, while the lower end of a reciprocatory member I43 and its armature I44 enter an actuating solenoid as hereinbefore described. Said member is slidably secured to said body portion by means of a strap or the like I45, while its upper free end I46 is normally adapted to extend over or free of an aperture I41, to provide the appearance of the intermittent and alternate opening and closing of the mouth of a singer. To an intermediate portion of said member is secured a pivot I48, which extends thru an elongated aperture I49 in said body portion I42 and connects both with and together the hand-like terminal portions of links I 50, representing forearms, the opposite ends of said links being pivotally connected as at the elbows I5I with the upper arm links I 52, pivotally carried by pivots I53 at the shoulders of the automaton. Reciprocation of the member I43 in this case, under the influence of electric pulsations in the solenoid of the usual supporting unit, causes the hands to rise naturally as and in accordance with the opening of the mouth, or otherwise as may be desired, depending upon the design and relationship of the parts involved. These automatons, as hereinbefore stated, may be actuated by means of an electrical hook-up such as that illustrated in Fig. 7 and hereinbefore described. On the other hand, modified forms of this hook-up may be arranged as shown in Figs. 8 and 9. In the former, Fig. 8, the switch I55 adapted to be actuated by non-electric vibratory means is connected by wires I56 to and thru the secondary winding I51 of a transformer, having a primary winding I58 connected to any suitable source of alternating current, and also to and thru the solenoid I59, which is the same as the solenoid 85 in Fig. 7, and represents the solenoid 31 in Fig. 11. In the hook-up illustrated by Fig. 9 the microphone I60 is connected by a wire I6I to the secondary winding I63, in turn connected to any suitable source of alternating current, the opposite sides of said microphone being connected by a wire I64, to an A. C. relay I65 and thence by a wire I66 to the opposite side of said secondary winding. 1

The non-electric-vibration-actuated switch side of the secondary winding is connected by a wire I61 thru the relay contact mechanism, and by a wire I68 to one side of the solenoid I69 (equivalent to the solenoids 31, 85 and I59), the opposite end of said solenoid being connected by a wire I to the opposite side of said secondary winding I62. A variable choke coil "I is then comiected between the said switch side of the secondary winding and the relay side of said solenoid I69, in order to vary the ratio of the current passing thru said relay contact mechanism and said solenoid.

Returning to the various forms of automatons and to Figs. 26, 27 and 28 in particular, there is here shown an upright supporting member I15, adapted to be detachably mounted upon and supported by the upper wall 40 of a solenoid unit, such as that shown in Fig. 11. The upper end portion of this member is extended angularly at I16 and is provided with a pin I11, which extends thru an upright slot I18 in any suitable part of the body portion I19 of an automaton, such for instance as the representation of a male actor as illustrated. The body portion of this automaton is in a single piece, and to it by means of pivots I80 are connected leg sections I8I and I82, in turn pivotally connected together at I83,

the lower free end portions of said leg sections or units being prevented from coming together and overlapping by virtue of the fact that there extends laterally between them an angularly deflected extension I83 of the lower portion of the body I19. This lower portion of said body, not being colored, is intended to serve as a screen in order to obscure from the audience the mechanism to the rear thereof. To a suitable intermediate portion of the rear surface of the body I19, there is secured in any suitable manner the upper portion I94 of a reciprocatory member I85, the lower portion of which is secured to an armature I86, which is in turn adapted to enter and be vertically reclprocated under the influence of {the usual solenoid beneath the supporting wall 49. In this instance the body portion I19, at substantially its uppermost limit has connected to it by means of a pivot iii? a laterally oscillatable head-and-hat (for example) extension I88, from which latter there extends integrally and divergingly downwardly the upper arm sections I89, to which are secured lower arm sections I99 by means of pivots I9I. With this construction, oscillation of the actuating member I85 under the control of the guiding pivot I'I'I provides vertically reciprocatory movement of the body I19, and due to the lack of accurate balance of said head and arms, the unitscomprising elements I89 and I90 jiggle laterally in a manner representative of an actor when shuflling his feet in a well-known manner, the legs at the same time doing an inand-out motion of similar character.

Referring to Figs. 29 and 30 and 31, a supporting member I95 is shown, the upper end portion I96 of which is provided with a pivot I91, slidably extending thru an upright slot I98 in the upper section I99 of the body portion oi an automaton which also comprises a lower section 200,-

pivotally connected together by means of a pin 29 I. To said lower section is pivotally secured by pins 202 the leg units, in turn comprising upper leg sections 293 and lower leg sections 294, pivotally connected together by pins 295. A head-andarm unit 205 is connected by a pivot 201 to the uppermost portion of the upper body section l99. With this construction, said upper body portion is restrained by the supporting member I95 and pin I97 to move primarily in a substantially vertical path, while the lower body portion 299, is actuated in a similar substantially vertical path by means of the actuating member 298, the upper portion 299 being directlyconnected to said lower body' portion 200, while the lower end portion of said actuating member carries the usual arm joint 2119 in normally cooperative relation with the solenoid beneath the supporting surface 49, as hereinbefore described. Having in mind therefore that the lower body portion 290 is oscillated substantially vertically, but without the path of the member 209 being guided, other than by the supporting member I95, the motion of the upper body portion I99, with the weight of the head-and-arm element 206 being carried by the uppermost portion of the body section, and the resulting actions of the automaton as a whole are very remarkably similar in nature to that of the so-called hula girl.

Referring to Figs. 32 to 37 inclusive, there is here shown an automaton representing a milderent type of dancer, primarily comprising a widened lower portion 2I5 representing a skirt, a portion of which is cut away to make visible the upper leg sections 2 I6 and the lower leg sections 2II connected together by pivot pins 2I9. Said skirt portion is pivotally connected to a secondary forwardly positioned skirt section 220, and it will be noted that the rear skirt section 2I5 and the auxiliary or forward skirt section 220 are spaced apart but are unitarily connected thru pivots 2I9 and 2I I. The laterally opposite upper portions of said skirt sections are then connected by pivots 2 to the lower arm sections 222, in turn pivotally connected at 223 to upper arm sections 224, which in turn comprise integral forwardly and laterally extending projections of a head section 225, which is'pivotally connected at 226 to the uppermost portion of said body section 220. Connected to the body section 220 by means of a pivot 221, vertically slidable in a slot 228 in said body section, is the upper laterally directed end portion 229 of a supporting member 230, normally carried by the upper surface 40 which'is positioned thru the solenoid and adapted to actuate the armature 23I, carried by the lower end portion of an actuating member 232, the uppermost portion of which is in .turn connected by suitable means to the rear surface of the rear skirt section 2i5. In the operation of this device, the oscillatory movement of the actuating member 232 moves the skirt 2 I 5 in a generally upward and downward path, restrained only thru the pivot connection with the bodysection 220, in turn under the lateral restraining influence of the pivot 22! carried by the supporting member 230. By connecting the laterally opposite portions of the skirt sections thru links or pivotally connected arm sections to the head element, and thereby to the upper portion of the body section, there is provided the compound action which with surprising faithfulness represents the actions of one form of dancer.

Figs. 35, 36 and 37 are presented to show suggestions of an almost unlimited number of relatively positioned upper and lower leg sections when this form of automaton is in operation. With respect to the automatons thus described, it should be distinctly noted that the transverse thickness of the same from front to rear has been greatly exaggerated in each' case, in order to separate the various pivotally connected sections, whereas in practice the several sections are formed of paper or thin cardboard and the pivots claim as new and desire to protect by Leters Patspaced relation to one side of the centre of the magnetic field of said solenoid, movement of said armature under the influence of said solenoid in one direction and by gravity in the opposite direction, operating to positively actuate said automaton intermittently to varying degrees in proportion to and in accordance with variations in the impulses received by said device, and thereby in synchronism with sounds produced by said original actor.

3. The combination of a base, a solenoid carried by said base, an automaton also carried by said base, an armature connected to said automaton and normally spaced by gravity to one'sideof the center of the magnetic field of said solenoid, a source of electric current, and connections whereby said solenoid alternating with gravity positively actuates said automaton intermittently thru said armature in exact synchronism with variations in the current pulsations within the range of certain sound frequencies.

4. The combination of a sectional automaton,

with a solenoid, an armature connected to a section of said automaton and normally maintained by gravity in spaced relation with and upon one side of the centre of the magnetic field of said solenoid, to positively actuate said automaton section in accordance with variations in the electric pulsations within said solenoid, a wave-sensitive switch operable within the range of certain sound frequencies, and connections for positively energizing said solenoid in direct accordance with variations in the electric waves received by said switch from an extraneous source.

5. The combination of a. sectional automaton, the sections of which are relatively movable and are connected together, with a solenoid, an armature normallymaintained by gravity below the centre of the magnetic field of said solenoid, means connecting said armature to a section of said automaton, to positively actuate said connected section, and thereby indirectly actuate the other sections, in accordance with variations in electric pulsations within said solenoid, a wave-sensitive switch operable within the range of certain sound frequencies, and connections for positively energizing said solenoid in direct accordance with variations in the electric waves received by said switch from an extraneous source.

' ELLIOTT BREWER. 

